容器（一）

新建和启动容器

OPTIONS说明：

  • — name = “容器新名称” 为容器制定一个名称
  • -d 后台运行容器并返回容器id， 即启动守护式容器（后台运行）
  • -i 以交互模式运行容器，通常与 -t 同时使用
  • -t 为容器重新分配一个伪输入终端，通常与 -i 连用，也就是启动交互式容器
  • -P 随机端口映射
  • -p 指定端口映射

举个栗子

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[root@iZ8vbfaek3x3ogtpxnpnwfZ ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY   TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED         SIZE
tomcat       9.0       b8e65a4d736d   4 months ago    680MB
redis        6.0.8     16ecd2772934   18 months ago   104MB
ubuntu       15.10     9b9cb95443b5   5 years ago     137MB
[root@iZ8vbfaek3x3ogtpxnpnwfZ ~]# docker run -it ubuntu:15.10 /bin/bash
root@4fb757f69adb:/# ps -ef
UID        PID  PPID  C STIME TTY          TIME CMD
root         1     0  0 03:26 pts/0    00:00:00 /bin/bash
root        11     1  0 03:26 pts/0    00:00:00 ps -ef
root@4fb757f69adb:/# ls
bin  boot  dev  etc  home  lib  lib64  media  mnt  opt  proc  root  run  sbin  srv  sys  tmp  usr  var
root@4fb757f69adb:/# exit
exit
[root@iZ8vbfaek3x3ogtpxnpnwfZ ~]#

docker run -it ubuntu:15.10 /bin/bash
/bin/bash 希望有交互式shell 就用/bin/bash

查询正在运行的容器

docker ps [OPTIONS]

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[root@iZ8vbfaek3x3ogtpxnpnwfZ ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND       CREATED         STATUS                     PORTS     NAMES
cdee90a8c77d   ubuntu    "bash"        3 minutes ago   Exited (0) 3 minutes ago             ubuntu
0dcaa91afc0e   ubuntu    "/bin/bush"   5 minutes ago   Created                              myubuntu
[root@iZ8vbfaek3x3ogtpxnpnwfZ ~]#

OPTIONS:

  • -a 展示所有容器，包含历史用过容器
  • -d 只展示容器id
  • -l 显示最近创建的容器
  • -n 展示最近创建的前n个容器
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    List containers
    [root@iZ8vbfaek3x3ogtpxnpnwfZ ~]# docker ps -n 1
    CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND   CREATED          STATUS                      PORTS     NAMES
    cdee90a8c77d   ubuntu    "bash"    17 minutes ago   Exited (0) 17 minutes ago             ubuntu
    [root@iZ8vbfaek3x3ogtpxnpnwfZ ~]# docker ps
    CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND   CREATED   STATUS    PORTS     NAMES
    [root@iZ8vbfaek3x3ogtpxnpnwfZ ~]# docker ps -an 1
    CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND   CREATED          STATUS                      PORTS     NAMES
    cdee90a8c77d   ubuntu    "bash"    17 minutes ago   Exited (0) 17 minutes ago             ubuntu
    [root@iZ8vbfaek3x3ogtpxnpnwfZ ~]# docker ps -an 2
    CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND       CREATED          STATUS                      PORTS     NAMES
    cdee90a8c77d   ubuntu    "bash"        17 minutes ago   Exited (0) 17 minutes ago             ubuntu
    0dcaa91afc0e   ubuntu    "/bin/bush"   19 minutes ago   Created                               myubuntu
    [root@iZ8vbfaek3x3ogtpxnpnwfZ ~]#

退出容器

  • exit

run进入容器，exit退出容器， 容器停止

  • ctrl + p + q

run进入容器，exit退出容器， 容器不停止

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[root@iZ8vbfaek3x3ogtpxnpnwfZ ~]# docker run -it ubuntu bash
root@562278524cda:/# [root@iZ8vbfaek3x3ogtpxnpnwfZ ~]#
[root@iZ8vbfaek3x3ogtpxnpnwfZ ~]#
[root@iZ8vbfaek3x3ogtpxnpnwfZ ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND   CREATED          STATUS          PORTS     NAMES
562278524cda   ubuntu    "bash"    16 seconds ago   Up 15 seconds             loving_dewdney